10-Q: Energy Fuels Reports Q3 Loss Amid Strategic Growth & Capital Raise

Sentiment:

Quarterly Report


Energy Fuels Inc. reported an increased net loss in Q3 2025 despite higher uranium revenues, driven by significant investments in rare earth and heavy mineral sands projects, and a successful $700 million convertible note offering.

Delay expectedThe Toliara Project was suspended by the Government of Madagascar in November 2019, with the suspension lifted on November 28, 2024. Negotiations for fiscal and stability arrangements are ongoing, and recent political instability in Madagascar (new President, PM, cabinet in October 2025) creates uncertainty and potential for further delays in project development and achieving a positive Final Investment Decision (FID).The Port Operating License for the Kwale Project's Jetty Facility has not been finalized since March 2014 due to a dispute with the Kenya Ports Authority (KPA) over stevedoring charges, which has led to ongoing legal proceedings and potential delays in resolution.
Capital raiseOn October 3, 2025, the company issued $700.00 million aggregate principal amount of 0.75% Convertible Senior Notes due on November 1, 2031, in a private placement.The offering included the exercise in full by initial purchasers of their option to purchase an additional $100.00 million of Notes.The initial conversion rate is 49.1672 Common Shares per $1,000 principal amount of Notes, equivalent to an initial conversion price of approximately $20.34 per Common Share.The effective conversion price was increased to $30.70 (a 100% premium over the September 30, 2025, NYSE American closing price) through the purchase of capped call options for approximately $53.55 million.Net proceeds are intended to support rare earth element initiatives, including the planned Phase 2 expansion at the White Mesa Mill and development of the Donald Project, as well as general corporate purposes.The company has an At-the-Market (ATM) public offering program, under which it issued 37.63 million Common Shares for net proceeds of $226.84 million during the nine months ended September 30, 2025.Export Finance Australia (EFA) issued a non-binding, conditional Letter of Support for up to AUD$80 million of senior debt financing for the Donald Project, which is expected to require approximately AUD$520 million in total funding with a targeted 50:50 debt-to-equity ratio structure.
Worse than expectedNet loss increased significantly to $17.01 million in Q3 2025 from $12.08 million in Q3 2024, and to $65.17 million for 9M 2025 from $14.86 million for 9M 2024.Operating costs and expenses rose substantially by 178% in Q3 2025 and 106% for 9M 2025, outpacing revenue growth.The company incurred a loss on heavy mineral sands sales for 9M 2025 due to higher costs associated with processing lower-grade ore from the Kwale Project.A $3.42 million write-off of value-added tax receivables due to a change in Madagascar tax law contributed to increased exploration, development, and processing costs.

Summary

  • Net loss for Q3 2025 increased to $17.01 million ($0.07 per share) from $12.08 million ($0.07 per share) in Q3 2024.
  • Revenues for Q3 2025 surged to $17.71 million from $4.05 million in Q3 2024, primarily due to higher uranium sales.
  • Operating costs and expenses significantly increased to $44.38 million in Q3 2025 from $15.96 million in Q3 2024, largely due to the acquisition of Base Resources and increased operational activities.
  • Mined approximately 415,000 pounds of uranium (U3O8) in Q3 2025 and 1,120,000 pounds for the nine months ended September 30, 2025, from Pinyon Plain, La Sal, and Pandora mines.
  • Successfully produced 99.9% pure dysprosium (Dy) oxide at pilot scale in July 2025, exceeding commercial specifications.
  • NdPr oxide produced at the White Mesa Mill was successfully manufactured into commercial-scale rare earth permanent magnets (REPMs) by a South Korean manufacturer, passing all QA/QC benchmarks for EV and hybrid drive units.
  • Closed an upsized offering of $700 million aggregate principal amount of 0.75% Convertible Senior Notes due 2031 on October 3, 2025.
  • Acquired Base Resources Limited on October 2, 2024, adding the Toliara Project (Madagascar) and Kwale Project (Kenya) to its portfolio.
  • Formed a joint venture with Astron Corporation Limited for the Donald Project (Australia), with Energy Fuels having the right to invest up to AUD$183 million for a 49% interest.
  • Acquired RadTran, LLC on August 16, 2024, to advance medical isotope production for targeted alpha therapy (TAT) cancer treatments.
  • The Kwale Project concluded mining in December 2024 and processing in January 2025, with reclamation activities ongoing.
  • Sold 100,000 pounds of uranium on the spot market at $76.50/pound and 140,000 pounds under long-term contracts at $69.43/pound in Q3 2025.
  • Forecasts 2025 mined U3O8 production to be between 875,000 and 1,435,000 pounds, with expectations to exceed the high end.
  • Anticipates total finished U3O8 inventory of 925,000 to 1,225,000 pounds by year-end 2025.
  • Expected cost of goods sold for U3O8 sales to drop to $30-$40 per pound range in Q1 2026 from $50-$55 per pound in Q4 2025.
  • Maintained a full valuation allowance against net deferred tax assets, resulting in no income tax benefit for Q3 2024 and an income tax expense of $0.08 million for Q3 2025.
  • Reported working capital of $298.47 million as of September 30, 2025, including $93.96 million in cash and cash equivalents.
  • Net cash used in operating activities increased to $73.27 million for 9M 2025 from $7.99 million for 9M 2024.
  • Net cash provided by financing activities increased to $227.92 million for 9M 2025 from $3.56 million for 9M 2024, primarily from common share issuances under the At-the-Market (ATM) program.

Sentiment

Score: 6

Explanation: While the company reported increased losses due to significant investments and acquisition-related costs, the strategic advancements in rare earth production, successful capital raise, and positive long-term outlook for uranium and REE markets indicate a strong growth trajectory. The short-term financial negatives are largely a result of these long-term strategic moves, which are expected to yield substantial benefits in the future. Political instability in Madagascar and ongoing legal disputes present risks, but the overall direction is positive for future value creation.

Positives

  • Significant increase in Q3 2025 revenues to $17.71 million, primarily driven by higher uranium sales volumes.
  • Successful pilot-scale production of 99.9% pure dysprosium (Dy) oxide, exceeding commercial specifications, marking a key milestone in rare earth element (REE) separation.
  • NdPr oxide successfully manufactured into commercial-scale rare earth permanent magnets (REPMs) by a major South Korean manufacturer, validating product quality for EV and hybrid drive units.
  • Strong uranium market fundamentals, including global clean energy goals, increased electricity demand from technology sector, and trade restrictions, are expected to support higher sustained uranium prices.
  • Expects to exceed the high end of 2025 uranium mining guidance (875,000-1,435,000 pounds U3O8).
  • Anticipates a significant reduction in the cost of goods sold for U3O8 to $30-$40 per pound range in Q1 2026, from $50-$55 per pound in Q4 2025, due to processing high-grade Pinyon Plain ores.
  • Strategic acquisitions of Base Resources (Toliara, Kwale Projects) and RadTran, LLC, along with the Donald Project JV, position the company as a critical minerals hub with diversified assets.
  • Successful $700 million Convertible Senior Notes offering strengthens the balance sheet and provides capital for accelerating rare earth initiatives and project development.
  • Export Finance Australia (EFA) issued a non-binding, conditional Letter of Support for up to AUD$80 million in senior debt financing for the Donald Project, reinforcing its strategic importance.
  • The company's ability to blend and match various uranium feed sources provides unique flexibility in meeting contract requirements and optimizing sales.
  • Ongoing R&D activities for medical isotopes (Ra-226, Ra-228) for targeted alpha therapy (TAT) cancer treatments, with regulatory approval for Ra-226 concentration already obtained.

Negatives

  • Net loss increased to $17.01 million in Q3 2025 from $12.08 million in Q3 2024, and to $65.17 million for 9M 2025 from $14.86 million for 9M 2024.
  • Operating costs and expenses significantly increased by 178% in Q3 2025 and 106% for 9M 2025, largely due to the Base Resources acquisition, increased headcount, and exploration/development activities.
  • Incurred a loss on heavy mineral sands (HMS) sales during the nine months ended September 30, 2025, due to processing lower-grade ore at the end of the Kwale mine life.
  • Write-off of $3.42 million in value-added tax receivables due to a change in Madagascar tax law, impacting exploration, development, and processing costs.
  • Write-off of $1.31 million of consumables inventory at the Kwale Project.
  • Equity in loss of unconsolidated affiliates of $0.33 million in Q3 2025 and $0.75 million for 9M 2025, related to the Donald Project JV and Tate.
  • Unrealized foreign exchange loss of $1.78 million for 9M 2025.
  • The White Mesa Mill cannot simultaneously process uranium/vanadium ores and monazite for REEs due to shared facilities, requiring scheduled processing runs.
  • Madagascar's recent social and political instability creates uncertainty regarding the Toliara Project's development prospects, timelines, and the ability to finalize suitable fiscal and other terms.

Risks

  • Global economic risks, including unforeseen or catastrophic events, political unrest, wars, or tariffs, could create operational, economic, and financial disruptions.
  • Cybersecurity risks associated with critical and highly sensitive minerals.
  • Litigation risks, including ongoing disputes related to the White Mesa Mill and Kwale Project.
  • Risks associated with the restart and subsequent operation of uranium, uranium/vanadium, REE, and HMS mines.
  • Risks associated with commercial production of REE carbonate or separated REE oxides, including meeting commercial specifications, securing adequate ore supplies, and market changes.
  • Risks that the company may not successfully develop technology for producing samarium, gadolinium, dysprosium, terbium, lutetium, and/or yttrium at scale.
  • Risks associated with changes to federal, state, and/or local administrations that could negatively impact business.
  • Mining and processing risks, including geological, technical, processing problems, less than expected recoveries, ground control issues, equipment malfunctions, and facility instability.
  • Risks that high grades and increased mining rates at Pinyon Plain mine may not persist.
  • Risks associated with the depletion of existing Mineral Resources without comparable replacements.
  • Labor costs, disturbances, and unavailability of skilled labor.
  • Availability and/or fluctuations in raw material and consumable costs.
  • Environmental compliance and permitting risks, including changes in legislation, regulatory attitudes, and delays.
  • Dependence on third parties for transportation and critical services.
  • Defects to title of mineral properties or inability to obtain/renew land tenure and access rights.
  • Potential information security incidents, including cybersecurity breaches.
  • Compromise or loss of proprietary technology or intellectual property.
  • Inability to successfully develop, attract, and retain qualified management and key personnel.
  • Competition for capital, mineral properties, and skilled personnel.
  • Adequacy and costs of insurance coverage, and uncertainty of reclamation and decommissioning liabilities.
  • Ability of bonding companies to require increases in collateral for reclamation obligations.
  • Potential for, and outcome of, litigation and other legal proceedings, including injunctions.
  • Ability to meet obligations to creditors and access additional credit facilities.
  • Failure to complete proposed mergers and acquisitions (M&A), successfully integrate after M&A, or incorrectly assess M&A value/risks.
  • Toliara Project risks: failure of Madagascar government to formalize suitable fiscal/other terms, delays in adding monazite to mining permit, country risks (social/political unrest, expropriation), government instability, and challenges by special interest groups.
  • Kwale Project reclamation risks, including long-term stability of activities and structures.
  • Risks of conducting business in foreign countries, including human rights-related risks (forced labor, child labor, sex trafficking) and foreign corrupt practices (fraud, bribery, political corruption).
  • Brazilian federal or state government actions/inactions impacting Bahia Project permitting or enacting conservation units.
  • Fluctuations in price levels for HMS products (ilmenite, rutile, titanium, zircon).
  • Fluctuations in share prices, exchange rates, interest rates, general economic conditions, and lack of dividends.
  • Inherent risks in forecasts/predictions of future commodity price levels.
  • Future uranium sales being required at spot prices without new long-term contracts.
  • Vanadium and REE product sales generally being at spot prices.
  • HMC and its component sales tied to spot prices.
  • Failure to obtain suitable sales terms for uranium, vanadium, copper, REE products, or HMS components.
  • Risks of not fulfilling sales commitments and needing spot purchases at a loss.
  • Risks associated with asset impairment due to market conditions, lack of market access, and capital access.
  • Ability to raise debt financing and repay debts, including Convertible Senior Notes.
  • Public and/or political resistance to nuclear energy or uranium extraction.
  • Uranium industry competition, international trade restrictions, and impacts of foreign state-subsidized production.
  • Foreign government actions, policies, and laws regarding REE production and sales impacting prices and market access.
  • Governmental or regulatory agency actions, policies, laws, regulations, and interpretations regarding nuclear energy, uranium, REE, and HMS activities.
  • Potentially higher than expected costs for projects or facilities.
  • Stock price, volume volatility, market events, and ability to maintain stock exchange listings.
  • Dilution of outstanding shares from additional issuances and/or asset depletion.
  • Risks related to issuing additional common shares under ATM or otherwise for liquidity.
  • Accounting method for equity investments potentially causing material changes to financial results not fully within control.
  • Material weaknesses in internal controls over financial reporting.
  • Amendment to mining laws, including royalties on federal lands, national monument designations, or mineral withdrawals.
  • Land exchanges between federal and state agencies impacting mining claims.
  • Risks related to potential recovery of radioisotopes for TAT initiatives, including technological/market changes, feasibility, commercial viability, licensing, and regulatory approvals.
  • Risks of not acquiring planned joint venture interest in Donald Project or projects not reaching positive FID.
  • Servicing the Convertible Senior Notes or future debt will require significant cash, and the company may not have sufficient cash flow.
  • Ability to incur substantially more debt or take other actions that diminish ability to make debt payments.
  • Inability to raise funds necessary to settle conversions of Notes in cash or repurchase Notes upon a fundamental change.
  • Conditional conversion feature of Notes, if triggered, may adversely affect financial condition and operating results.
  • Conversion of Notes may dilute ownership interest of shareholders or depress common share price.
  • Accounting method for Notes could adversely affect reported financial condition and results, including reclassification as current liability.
  • Certain provisions in the indenture governing the Notes may delay or prevent an otherwise beneficial takeover attempt.
  • Capped call transactions may affect the value of the Notes and common shares.
  • Counterparty risk with respect to capped call transactions, which may not operate as planned.

Future Outlook

The company anticipates higher sustained uranium prices due to global clean energy goals, increased electricity demand, and trade restrictions. It expects to exceed its 2025 uranium mining guidance and significantly reduce U3O8 production costs to $30-$40 per pound in Q1 2026. The company plans to advance its REE initiatives, including commercial-scale Dy and Tb production by Q4 2026 and Phase 2 REE separation facilities by 2028, aiming for a fully integrated U.S.-based REE supply chain. Development of the Donald and Toliara Projects is progressing towards Final Investment Decisions (FIDs) in late 2025 and 2026, respectively. Exploration at the Bahia Project is set to restart in Q4 2025. The company is also developing capabilities for commercial-scale Ra-226 production by 2027-2028 for TAT cancer treatments. Uranium production could reach a run-rate of over 2.5 million pounds U3O8 per year by 2026 and up to five million pounds in coming years, subject to market conditions.

Management Comments

  • "We believe that the expectations reflected in these forward-looking statements are reasonable, but no assurance can be given that these expectations will prove to be correct."
  • "We believe that the expectations reflected in these forward-looking statements are reasonable, but no assurance can be given that these expectations will prove to be correct, and such forward-looking statements included in, or incorporated by reference into, this Quarterly Report should not be unduly relied upon."
  • "We believe that the expectations reflected in these forward-looking statements are reasonable, but no assurance can be given that these expectations will prove to be correct."
  • "We believe this strategic capital raise strengthens the Company's balance sheet and enhances the Company's ability to accelerate its rare earth initiatives, including the planned Phase 2 expansion at the White Mesa Mill... and development of its Donald Project in Australia."
  • "We believe this outcome represents a clear vote of confidence in the Company's team and strategy."
  • "The Company believes that uranium supply pressure and demand fundamentals point to higher sustained uranium prices in the future and that the advancement of reliable nuclear energy, fueled by uranium, is experiencing a global resurgence."
  • "The Company believes it will mine considerably more uranium from the Main Zone of the deposit versus what is described in the Technical Report on the Pre-Feasibility Study on the Pinyon Plain Project."
  • "Assuming the current pilot-scale production continues to be successful, the Company could be in a position to produce Dy, Tb and Sm on a commercial scale at its existing Phase 1 REE separation circuit at the Mill, with minor modifications, as early as Q4 2026."
  • "Multiple magnet manufacturers and original equipment manufacturers have expressed strong interest in obtaining Dy samples, further validating the Companys strategy to establish a fully non-Chinese rare earth supply chain for commercial and defense applications."
  • "The successful production of REPMs from Energy Fuels' NdPr oxide marks a decisive breakthrough in building a mine-to-magnet supply chain independent of China, using rare earth oxides (REOs) produced in the United States."
  • "The Company believes that longer-term fundamentals for rutile and all grades of ilmenite are positive."
  • "The Company believes that the longer-term fundamentals for zircon are positive."
  • "The Company believes that V2O5 prices will increase once confidence in the Chinese and global economy returns."
  • "The Company believes that certain uranium supply and demand fundamentals point to sustained market strength and potentially higher prices in the future."
  • "The Company believes its existing inventories, purchases and new production will be sufficient to meet contract requirements through 2025 and over the life of the supply contracts, along with discretionary spot sales for the remainder of 2025 and beyond, as market conditions may warrant."
  • "The Company sees its prior commercial production of RE Carbonate, its recent commercial production of separated NdPr in 2024 and ongoing pilot production of Dy, Tb, and Sm oxides as the first steps in an effort to restore the REE supply chain in the U.S., where one currently does not exist."
  • "The Company believes it has sufficient cash and resources to carry out its business plan for at least the next twelve months."

Industry Context

The filing highlights a global resurgence in nuclear energy demand driven by decarbonization, electrification, and energy security concerns, which is expected to sustain higher uranium prices. In the rare earth element (REE) sector, demand for NdFeB magnets is projected to grow significantly, especially for robotics, advanced air mobility, and electric vehicles, with a notable interest in establishing non-Chinese supply chains. The heavy mineral sands (HMS) market, while currently experiencing weakness due to economic uncertainty and tariffs, is expected to see long-term positive fundamentals driven by growth in housing, building, and industrial manufacturing. The company is strategically positioning itself as a critical minerals hub in the U.S. to capitalize on these trends, particularly in uranium, REEs, and potential medical radioisotopes, aiming to reduce reliance on foreign supply chains.

Comparison to Industry Standards

  • The Pinyon Plain mine's average grade of 1.75% eU3O8 for 9M 2025 is believed by the company to be one of the highest-grade uranium mines in U.S. history, suggesting superior ore quality compared to typical domestic operations.
  • Expected average mining and transportation costs for Pinyon Plain ore of $10 to $14 per pound of recovered U3O8, combined with milling costs of $13 to $16 per pound, are projected to result in a total weighted average cost of goods sold of approximately $23 to $30 per pound of U3O8, ranking among the lowest costs for mined uranium production globally.
  • The successful production of 99.9% pure dysprosium (Dy) oxide at pilot scale exceeds the 99.5% commercial specification, demonstrating high-quality output comparable to leading global producers.
  • The successful manufacture of Energy Fuels' NdPr oxide into commercial-scale rare earth permanent magnets (REPMs) by South Korea's largest EV drive unit motor core manufacturer, passing all QA/QC benchmarks, indicates that the company's REE products meet stringent industry standards for major automotive manufacturers in North America, the EU, Japan, and Korea.
  • Benchmark Mineral Intelligence's X-China rare earth pricing estimates show European NdPr, Dy, and Tb prices exceeding published Chinese prices by 13%, 276%, and 264% respectively, reflecting the scarcity and premium for non-Chinese supply that Energy Fuels aims to address.
  • Adamas Intelligence forecasts demand for separated NdPr, Dy, and Tb to grow at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 8.7% through 2040, while global production is expected to grow at a slower rate of 5.1%, indicating that Energy Fuels' planned production expansion aligns with a projected supply deficit.
  • The company's strategy to use monazite, which contains excellent distributions of magnet REEs (NdPr, Dy, Tb) and other heavy REEs, positions it to produce high-value products compared to other REE-bearing minerals.

Management Changes

RolePrevious PersonNew PersonEffective DateReason
Vice President of Radioisotopes, Radiological Systems and Intellectual PropertyNASaleem Drera, PhD2024-08-16Joined Energy Fuels following the acquisition of RadTran, LLC, where he was former President and CEO and 83% owner.
Chief Financial OfficerNANathan R. Bennett2025-07-10Employment Agreement signed on July 10, 2025.

Corporate Governance

Change TypeDescriptionEffective DateImpact Assessment
Equity Incentive Plan AmendmentThe 2024 Amended and Restated Omnibus Equity Incentive Compensation Plan was amended on May 24, 2024, and April 21, 2025, and ratified by shareholders on June 11, 2025. The Total Share Authorization is 17,500,000 Common Shares, and the Full Value Share Authorization is 12,500,000 Common Shares.2025-06-11This amendment updates the company's equity compensation framework, potentially impacting future share-based compensation expenses and dilution, while aligning with shareholder approvals.

Legal Proceedings

  • White Mesa Mill Historic Claims: Ongoing administrative appeals by the Ute Mountain Ute Tribe challenging the Air Quality Approval Order, Corrective Action Plan, and Radioactive Materials License Amendment 7. The company believes these actions lack merit and does not expect a material financial impact, though scope and costs of remediation under revised orders could be significant.
  • White Mesa Mill License and GWDP Renewal Challenges: Petitions for Review filed by Grand Canyon Trust, Ute Mountain Ute Tribe, and Uranium Watch challenging the renewal of the Mill's License and Groundwater Discharge Permit (GWDP) in March 2018. The company denies merit and intends to defend against challenges, not expecting a material financial impact.
  • White Mesa Mill Amendment No. 10 Challenge: Ute Mountain Ute Tribe filed a Petition to Intervene and Petition for Review challenging the UDEQ's approval of Amendment No. 10 to the Mill License (expanded Alternate Feed Materials list) in August 2021. The company believes this action lacks merit and does not expect a material financial impact.
  • Kwale Project Stevedoring Dispute with Kenya Ports Authority (KPA): Ongoing dispute since 2014 regarding a $1/tonne stevedoring charge on exports from the Jetty Facility. The company objects to the charge, arguing no services are provided. The High Court of Kenya upheld arbitration jurisdiction in 2022, and dismissed KPA's appeal in April 2023. The amount in dispute is approximately $4.6 million. The company anticipates recommencing formal dispute resolution.
  • Mivumoni B Village Petition (Kwale Project): A petition filed on March 18, 2021, alleging failings in the Environmental Impact Assessment process, claiming excessive noise, air pollution, and contaminated water. The company denies the claims, and its preliminary objection to jurisdiction was dismissed and upheld on appeal in July 2025. The company is pursuing an appeal to the Supreme Court of Kenya and does not expect a material financial impact.
  • Mchingirini Residents Petition (Kwale Project): A petition filed on July 18, 2023, by former landholders alleging unlawful relocation and inadequate compensation. The company denies liability, stating agreements were reached in 2015 and 2016. The company's preliminary objection to jurisdiction was dismissed in April 2024, and an appeal is pending. The company does not expect a material financial impact.

Related Party Transactions

  • Saleem Drera, PhD, former President and CEO of RadTran, LLC, joined Energy Fuels as Vice President of Radioisotopes, Radiological Systems and Intellectual Property. As a former owner of RadTran, he is entitled to his 83% proportionate share of a 2% royalty on future revenues from radium sales, and up to an additional $14.00 million in cash and Common Shares based on performance-based milestones.
  • The company provides services to Consolidated Uranium Inc. (CUR) under a mine operating agreement. As of September 30, 2025, the company accrued $0.74 million related to deferred cash payments for production thresholds from CUR.

Stakeholder Impact

  • Shareholders: Potential dilution from the issuance of Common Shares under the ATM program and upon conversion of the Convertible Senior Notes. The Notes' accounting method could affect reported earnings per share and working capital. The capped call transactions are expected to reduce dilution. The strategic investments and capital raise aim to enhance long-term value.
  • Employees: Increased headcount and share-based compensation due to acquisitions and expanded operations. Management changes include key hires for strategic initiatives like radioisotopes.
  • Customers: Enhanced supply chain security for uranium and rare earth elements, particularly for U.S. and allied customers, reducing reliance on foreign sources. Qualification of NdPr for EV drive units opens new commercial opportunities.
  • Suppliers: Increased demand for monazite feedstock from company-owned mines and potential third-party purchases. The company's recycling program for Alternate Feed Materials benefits third-party generators.
  • Creditors: The $700 million Convertible Senior Notes offering increases debt obligations, but also strengthens the balance sheet and provides liquidity. Risks related to servicing debt and potential reclassification of Notes as current liabilities exist.
  • Local Communities (San Juan County, Utah): The San Juan County Clean Energy Foundation, funded by 1% of the Mill's revenues, provides ongoing support for education, environment, health/wellness, and economic development, including American Indian initiatives.
  • Government of Madagascar: Ongoing negotiations for fiscal and stability arrangements for the Toliara Project, with recent political instability creating uncertainty regarding the recognition and honor of previously negotiated terms.
  • Government of Kenya: Ongoing legal dispute with the Kenya Ports Authority regarding stevedoring charges for the Kwale Project's Jetty Facility.
  • Navajo Nation: Potential collaboration to assist in the cleanup of abandoned uranium mine (AUM) materials.

Next Steps

  • Continue conventional ore processing campaign at the White Mesa Mill at least into March 2026.
  • Produce approximately two kilograms of Dy oxide per week until 15 kilograms are produced, then transition pilot production to Tb oxide in Q4 2025.
  • Produce samarium (Sm) oxide at pilot scale at the Mill in Q1 2026.
  • Construct and commission commercial-scale Dy and Tb (and potentially other heavy REE) separation capacity at the Mill, expected to be operational as soon as Q4 2026.
  • Negotiate long-term supply agreements with Vulcan Elements for high-purity NdPr and Dy oxides following validation.
  • Engage in negotiations for potential longer-term supply arrangements for separated REE products with South Korea's largest EV drive unit motor cores manufacturer.
  • Continue advancing permitting and development on the Roca Honda, Bullfrog, and EZ Projects.
  • Undertake exploration and development activities to expand resources at the Nichols Ranch Project and develop wellfields for potential recommencement of production.
  • Complete an updated S-K 1300/NI 43-101 technical report for the Pinyon Plain mine later in 2025.
  • Continue to seek to purchase uranium ore from third-party miners in the region.
  • Continue to evaluate additional spot and/or long-term uranium sales opportunities during 2025 and beyond.
  • Continue advancing the Donald and Toliara Projects to a Final Investment Decision (FID) by as early as late-2025 and 2026, respectively.
  • Update the Toliara Definitive Feasibility Study (DFS) and Prefeasibility Study (PFS) into a combined S-K 1300 and NI 43-101-compliant feasibility study (FS) in 2025.
  • Update the Donald Project JORC-compliant DFS into an S-K 1300 and NI 43-101-compliant FS in 2025.
  • Restart drilling program at the Bahia Project in Q4 2025 with the goal of declaring an S-K 1300-compliant initial assessment and NI 43-101-compliant technical report in 2026.
  • Complete reclamation of the Kwale Project tailings storage facility by 2027, with ongoing management and monitoring through 2038.
  • Complete process development engineering for Ra-226 production and set up the first stages of the pilot facility during 2025 and early 2026.
  • Apply for a license to concentrate R&D quantities of Ra-228 at the Mill and perform engineering on its process development and R&D pilot facility.
  • Develop capabilities at the Mill for commercial-scale production of Ra-226 in 2027-2028, conditional on engineering design, offtake agreements, and regulatory approvals.
  • Advance engineering and permitting on Phase 2 separation facilities at the Mill to increase NdPr separation capacity and install capacity for other heavy REEs, expected to be completed in 2028.
  • Monitor social and political developments in Madagascar for their impact on the Toliara Project.

Key Dates

DateDescription
2011-01-01Ute Mountain Ute Tribe filed an administrative appeal of UDAQs decision to approve a Modification to the Air Quality Approval Order at the Mill.
2013-01-01Ute Mountain Ute Tribe filed a Petition to Intervene and Request for Agency Action challenging the Corrective Action Plan approved by UDEQ relating to nitrate contamination at the White Mesa Mill.
2014-03-01Kenya Ports Authority (KPA) granted a waiver to Base Titanium to operate the Jetty Facility indefinitely until the formal Port Operating License is approved.
2014-08-01Ute Mountain Ute Tribe filed an administrative appeal to the DRCs Radioactive Materials License Amendment 7 approval regarding alternate feed material from Dawn Mining.
2017-02-01Base Titanium commenced arbitration in Kenya regarding the stevedoring dispute with KPA.
2017-01-01Base Titanium obtained an injunction from the High Court of Kenya to compel KPA to provide necessary marine services to vessels berthing at the Jetty Facility.
2018-01-19UDEQ renewed and reissued the Mill's License for another ten years.
2018-02-16UDEQ renewed and reissued the Mill's Groundwater Discharge Permit (GWDP) for another five years.
2018-03-01Grand Canyon Trust, Ute Mountain Ute Tribe, and Uranium Watch filed Petitions for Review challenging UDEQ's renewal of the License and GWDP.
2018-05-01Plaintiffs filed with UDEQ Requests for Appointment of an ALJ, subsequently suspended.
2018-06-04Stipulation and Agreement with UDEQ to suspend ALJ requests became effective.
2019-02-01Plaintiffs submitted a settlement proposal to the Company.
2019-11-01Toliara Project suspended by the Government of Madagascar pending negotiation of fiscal terms.
2019-12-01Arbitrator ruled in favor of arbitration having jurisdiction in the KPA stevedoring dispute.
2021-03-18Local landholder filed a petition against Base Titanium in the Environment and Land Court at Mombasa regarding the Kwale Project.
2021-08-26Ute Mountain Ute Tribe filed a Petition to Intervene and Petition for Review challenging UDEQ's approval of Amendment No. 10 to the Mill License.
2021-09-16Company announced the establishment of the San Juan County Clean Energy Foundation.
2021-11-18Ute Mountain Ute Tribe filed its Request for Appointment of an ALJ to hear all outstanding matters, followed by a stay.
2022-02-10Environment and Land Court dismissed Base Titanium's preliminary objection in the Mivumoni B Village case.
2022-03-01High Court of Kenya upheld the arbitrator's jurisdictional ruling in the KPA stevedoring dispute.
2022-07-15Routine GWDP renewal application submitted to UDEQ.
2023-07-18Former local landholders filed a petition with the Environment and Land Court regarding the Mchingirini area.
2024-01-01Company adopted ASU 2023-07, Segment Reporting, prospectively.
2024-04-01Pinyon Plain Project reached viable commercial production.
2024-04-12Environment and Land Court dismissed Base Titanium's preliminary objection in the Mchingirini Residents case.
2024-06-03Company executed binding agreements with Astron Corporation Limited for the Donald Project Joint Venture.
2024-08-16Company acquired RadTran, LLC.
2024-09-24Company issued $3.50 million of Common Shares to Astron upon satisfaction of certain conditions precedent for the Donald Project JV.
2024-09-25Donald Project JV was established, and the Company earned an initial 3.21% interest.
2024-10-01Phase 1 REE separation circuit at the Mill was placed into service.
2024-10-02Company completed the acquisition of Base Resources Limited.
2024-10-16Base Resources accelerated and paid the remaining $16.83 million of deferred consideration for the Toliara Project acquisition.
2024-11-28Government of Madagascar lifted the suspension on the Toliara Project.
2024-12-05Company entered into a Memorandum of Understanding (MOU) with the Government of Madagascar for the Toliara Project.
2024-12-31Kwale Project completed its mine life.
2025-01-01Kwale Project processing activities concluded.
2025-01-01Company entered into an agreement with the Navajo Nation regarding AUM materials.
2025-04-01Company invested an additional AUD$1.75 million in Tate Transition Metals Limited, increasing ownership to 27.7% and began accounting for it using the equity method.
2025-06-11Shareholders ratified the 2024 Amended and Restated Omnibus Equity Incentive Compensation Plan.
2025-06-13Company filed a Prospectus Supplement to its Shelf Registration Statement, qualifying for distribution up to $300.00 million in additional Common Shares under the ATM.
2025-07-01Company produced on-spec dysprosium (Dy) oxide at pilot scale.
2025-07-04The One Big Beautiful Bill Act (OBBBA) was enacted in the U.S.
2025-07-17Company announced in a news release that commercial-scale Dy, Tb, and Sm production at the Mill could be as early as Q4 2026.
2025-07-18Court of Appeal of Kenya upheld the dismissal of Base Titanium's preliminary objection in the Mivumoni B Village case.
2025-08-21Company announced successful production of 99.9% pure Dy, becoming the first U.S. company to publicly report Dy production volumes and purities.
2025-08-26Company signed an MOU with Vulcan Elements to create a secure, ex-China supply chain for rare earth permanent magnets.
2025-09-09Company announced its high-purity NdPr oxide was successfully manufactured into commercial-scale REPMs by a South Korean manufacturer.
2025-09-30End of the quarterly period covered by this report.
2025-10-01Company commenced a conventional ore processing campaign at the Mill.
2025-10-01Effective date for 10,000 non-qualified stock options issued to a consultant.
2025-10-03Company issued $700.00 million aggregate principal amount of 0.75% Convertible Senior Notes due on November 1, 2031.
2025-10-17New President of Madagascar was sworn in.
2025-10-20New Prime Minister of Madagascar was appointed.
2025-10-21Export Finance Australia (EFA) issued a non-binding, conditional Letter of Support for up to AUD$80 million of senior debt financing for the Donald Project.
2025-10-28New cabinet in Madagascar was announced.
2025-11-03Date of filing of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.
2025-12-31Expected earliest date for a positive Final Investment Decision (FID) for the Donald Project.
2026-01-01Expected earliest date for a positive Final Investment Decision (FID) for the Toliara Project.
2026-03-31Expected end of the conventional ore processing campaign at the Mill.
2026-04-01Expected pilot scale production of samarium (Sm) oxide at the Mill.
2026-12-31Expected commercial scale production of Dy and Tb at the Mill.
2027-01-01Expected completion of reclamation of the Kwale Project tailings storage facility.
2027-01-01Expected commercial-scale production of Ra-226 at the Mill.
2027-06-30Planned commencement of production for the Donald Project.
2028-01-01Expected completion of Phase 2 REE separation facilities at the Mill.
2031-11-01Maturity date for the 0.75% Convertible Senior Notes.
2038-12-31Expected end of ongoing management and monitoring for Kwale Project tailings storage facility reclamation.

Recommendation

hold

Energy Fuels is in a significant transition phase, marked by substantial strategic investments in rare earth and heavy mineral sands projects, alongside its core uranium business. The recent $700 million capital raise provides ample liquidity to fund these ambitious growth initiatives, which are critical for establishing a diversified 'critical minerals hub' in the U.S. While the Q3 2025 net loss increased, this is largely attributable to the costs associated with these long-term strategic moves, including the Base Resources acquisition and increased exploration/development. The positive outlook for uranium prices, the successful pilot production of high-purity dysprosium, and the qualification of NdPr for commercial magnets are strong indicators of future revenue potential. However, the company faces execution risks with large-scale projects like Toliara and Donald, geopolitical uncertainties in Madagascar, and the inherent volatility of commodity markets. The expected decline in uranium production costs in Q1 2026 is a positive, but the current blended cost of goods sold remains high. A 'hold' recommendation is appropriate as investors should monitor the successful execution of these strategic projects and the resolution of geopolitical and legal risks before committing further capital, while acknowledging the significant long-term upside potential.

Keywords

Uranium, Rare Earth Elements, Heavy Mineral Sands, Mining, White Mesa Mill, NdPr, Dysprosium, Terbium, Monazite, Nuclear Energy, Critical Minerals, SEC Filing, 10-Q, Convertible Notes, Capital Raise, Madagascar, Toliara Project, Donald Project, RadTran, Medical Isotopes, Targeted Alpha Therapy, Pinyon Plain, Kwale Project, Exploration, Production Guidance, Financial Results

Disclaimer:The information provided here is for general informational purposes only and does not constitute financial advice, recommendation, or endorsement of any kind. It may contain errors or omissions. You should not rely on this information to make financial decisions. Always seek the advice of a qualified financial professional before making any investment or financial decisions. Use of this information is at your own risk.